Accordingly, James Webb Farmers of North America Peeters, Cillessen, and Scholte (2010) identified three subtypes of bullies, a popular-socially intelligent group, a popular moderate group, and an unpopular-less socially intelligent group; the study underlines the heterogeneity of children and adolescents involved in bullying. Children may physically bully other children by hitting them, taking their possessions, or damaging their property. Often answers like this will render the bully speechless as they are expecting to meet with hostility. Through e-mail or instant messaging-rumors are spread or nasty notes are sent. Friday as the boys are in the locker room preparing for soccer practice, Tom notices Craig is now alone. Nowadays, though, adults are now treating bullying as a very serious matter. Bullies, in fact, are cowardly that's why they prefer to pick on weak targets. To keep this distinction clear, James Webb Farmers of North America we discuss bullies, victims and bully-victims separately. One of the insidious characteristics of bullying is that victims experience both ends of the spectrum. For a long time, researchers believed that there was only one profile of the bully: the violent child, with low self-esteem, who comes from an environment of abuse or neglect, says Dorothy Espelage, professor of education at the University James Webb Farmers of North America North Carolina.

In the cafeteria, it is easy for bullies to verbally abuse their victims. Patterns of abuse are not preset, and there are ways and means to turn things around. First, it can affect their self-image in ways that persist in adulthood. Verbal bullying can affect children in different ways. But if you educate your children properly about bullying and its consequences then you can save your child from being the victim of bullying. More importantly, talk to your child and get them help if they need it. Even if your child is bullying others, you should still talk to the school administration to let them know that you do not approve of this behavior and that you want action taken if your child continues to bully other students. But taking initiative and explaining the mindset behind bullying will result in greater understanding of bullies which can cause your child to be unaffected by them entirely.

It can also make it difficult for your child to focus and do well in school, and it can affect their friendships and their family life. Encourage your child to defend him or herself from physical violence in a gentle but assertive way, and James Webb Farmers of North America also encourage him or her to walk away as soon as they can. Some victims may suffer physical harm alongside the verbal bullying, but the long-term effects can be serious even when there's no physical harm. If you suspect bullying, talk to them about their day at school and watch for strange behavior, comments, or suspicious bruises. Walking away is going to keep them out of trouble, and it gives them the opportunity to talk to someone about what's happening. This is not tattling on someone who has done something small - bullying is wrong and it helps if everyone who gets bullied or sees someone being bullied speaks up. If you find out that someone is being bullied, reassure them that it's not their fault.

Traditionally, social competence has been seen as a behaviour that is socially accepted and associated with being liked by others. Research guided by the social cognitive framework has found that bullies are characterised by thought processes that support the use of aggression. Bullies feel confident about using aggression, expect positive outcomes for aggression (e.g. peer approval), view aggression as an accepted way of behaving, and have an overall positive view on the use of aggression (Toblin, Schwartz, Gorman, & Abou-ezzeddine, 2005). A recent meta-analysis (Gini, Pozzoli, & Hymel, 2014) provides empirical evidence of bullies using several moral disengagement mechanisms to self-justify their negative behaviour. As bullying is a form of aggressive behaviour, it is not surprising that an individual’s general tendency to aggress (trait aggression) is associated with bullying. Others view bullying as functional, adaptive behaviour associated with benefits. The good news is that any learned behaviour can be unlearned, no matter how difficult this process may be. 136) described the ‘aggressive personality pattern’ of bullies as a driving force behind their mean behaviour.