Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women have a longer life span than men? And how is this difference growing as time passes? The evidence isn't conclusive and we're left with only partial answers. We know that behavioral, biological and environmental factors contribute to the fact that women have longer life spans than men, however, we do not know how much the influence of each of these factors is.
It is known that women are living longer than males, Lican.as.arizona.edu/~ehtsim/index.php/User:JosephWestfall4 regardless of weight. But it is not due to the fact that certain biological or non-biological factors have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.
Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is above the line of parity diagonally. This implies that a baby girl in every country can expect to live longer than her brother.
Interestingly, this chart shows that the advantage of women exists across all countries, the difference between countries is huge. In Russia women are 10 years older than males; while in Bhutan the difference is less than half an hour.
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The advantage for women in terms of life expectancy was lower in the richer countries that it is today.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The following chart shows the men and women's life expectancies when they were born in the US during the period 1790 until 2014. Two areas stand out.
First, there is an upward trend. Men and women in the United States live longer than they were 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.
Second, there's an ever-widening gap: female advantage in terms of life expectancy used be very small however, it has increased significantly over the last century.
If you select the option "Change country by country' in the chart, you are able to check that these two points also apply to the other countries having available information: Sweden, France and the UK.
It is known that women are living longer than males, Lican.as.arizona.edu/~ehtsim/index.php/User:JosephWestfall4 regardless of weight. But it is not due to the fact that certain biological or non-biological factors have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.
Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is above the line of parity diagonally. This implies that a baby girl in every country can expect to live longer than her brother.
Interestingly, this chart shows that the advantage of women exists across all countries, the difference between countries is huge. In Russia women are 10 years older than males; while in Bhutan the difference is less than half an hour.
__S.17__
__S.19__
The advantage for women in terms of life expectancy was lower in the richer countries that it is today.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The following chart shows the men and women's life expectancies when they were born in the US during the period 1790 until 2014. Two areas stand out.
First, there is an upward trend. Men and women in the United States live longer than they were 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.
Second, there's an ever-widening gap: female advantage in terms of life expectancy used be very small however, it has increased significantly over the last century.
If you select the option "Change country by country' in the chart, you are able to check that these two points also apply to the other countries having available information: Sweden, France and the UK.